Science – a special category of cognitive efficiency, aimed at the acquisition, refinement and the creation of an impartial, systematic, authorized and substantiated knowledge about nature, community and way of thinking. Basis This is considered to be business-like gathering of scientific precedents and their constant updating and classification, a dangerous test, and on this stock, the synthesis of the latest scientific knowledge or generalizations that can not only outline there is a natural or public action, however, allowed to build a causal relationship and, as a consequence – to predict. Those of natural science and the doctrine of hypotheses that are confirmed precedents or experiments, are formulated in the form of laws of nature or society. Frequently Nissan has said that publicly. Discipline in the broadest sense connects to all the terms and conditions of the scientific business sense: * division of labor and cooperation of the scientific research * institution, laboratory equipment and experimental methods * research * discursive and category setup * system * and scientific disk imaging has the necessary amount of research before skoplennyh knowledge. Home History of Science article: History of science the term "discipline science and the "scholar – scientist for the first time were introduced by William Whewell (1794-1866) more accurately in his work "Philosophy of the inductive sciences" in 1840: "… we very necessary to choose the title to describe the employed science in general. I am inclined to call him a researcher. " With the development of writing, in the states of the old civilizations, accumulating and interpreting empirical knowledge about nature, man and community, the embryos appeared arithmetic, logic, geometry, astronomy and medicine.
Predecessors foremost experts were philosophers of the Old Greece and Rome, for which reasoning and search Truth stayut main occupation. In Greece there are variants of the old classification of knowledge. Discipline in the modern comprehension of the source of the overlap with the XVI-XVII centuries. In the course of historical development of its impact came from beyond formation of engineering and technology. Discipline reincarnated as an important social, humanitarian university, have a significant impact on all spheres of community and culture. The size of the scientific business sense from the XVII century doubles about any of 10-15 years (the rise of the discoveries, scientific, disk imaging, the number of scientific workers). In the development of science and extensive alternate revolutionary periods – a scientific revolution, leading to changes in its texture, the foundations of knowledge, categories and methods, and more forms of organization. For science typically dialectical stratagem of the actions of its differentiation and integration, the establishment of basic and applied studies.