Competitive advantage is, therefore, the mesmice opposite. It is in that it inhabits, basically, the profits of productivity gotten by the Metalic, which did not hesitate, since the beginning of its activities, in establishing a strategical differential in relation to its competitors, as he will be demonstrated throughout this work. Of this form, the theoretical referencial where if apia this research will not only fall again on the concept of ' ' advantages competitivas' ' of PORTER (1999: 43) and of its seguidoresda Traditional Economy, such as GHEMAWAT (2000), PRAHALAD (2002). The base theory will examine, also, the concepts of ' ' development sustentvel' ' of the World-wide Commission on Environment (WCED) defined as that one that ' ' it looks for to take care of to the necessities and aspirations gifts without compromising the capacity of also to take care of to the ones of futuro.' ' , beyond other authors adepts of the Ambient Economy, such as, HOLLIDAY, SCHMIDHEIRY and WATTS (2002), SOUZA (2000), ALMEIDA (2003) and its concept of ecoeficincia, understood, here, as as ' ' a philosophy of enterprise management that incorporates the ambient management, associating it the objectives econmicos' ' , that is, ' ' the main objective of the ecoeficincia is to make the economy to grow qualitatively, and not quantitativamente.' ' The examination of the Metalic case under the points of view of two chains of thoughts, ' ' Traditional economy versus Ambiental' Economy; ' , argued above, it accurately aims at to verify until point the two theories tend to converge to one another one and new theory, being conciliated and harmonizing the positive points of each one of them. At last, the inquiry will purely develop in level theoretician and empiricist, whose main methodology will be the bibliographical study. Using itself still the use of the publication of the research carried through for the BNDES in 1998, concerning market of ' ' Metallic packings for Bebidas' ' 1 and of ' ' Magazine Metallurgy of Matrias' ' 4 intitled of ' ' Embalagens' ' , the inherent statisticians to the subject of this work will be presented, as well as the reasons for which the cost of the steel cans became inferior the ones of the aluminum cans.